01 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease lightly.
02 - Combine 1/3 cup granulated sugar with lemon zest in a small bowl; rub together until fragrant. Set aside.
03 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, 1 cup sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
04 - In a separate bowl, whisk eggs, buttermilk, melted butter, vanilla extract, lemon zest, and lemon juice until fully incorporated.
05 - Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients and gently fold with a spatula until just combined. Avoid overmixing.
06 - Toss blueberries with 1 tablespoon flour to prevent sinking, then gently fold into the batter.
07 - Divide batter evenly among muffin cups and sprinkle lemon sugar topping generously on each.
08 - Bake for 18 to 22 minutes until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean and tops are golden brown.
09 - Let muffins cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.